A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump where the high-pressure seal reciprocates with the piston. Piston pumps can be used to move liquids or compress gases. They can operate over a wide range of pressures. High pressure operation can be achieved without adversely affecting flow rate. Types of Piston Pumps. These pumps are classified into different types namely lift pump, a force pump, axial pump, and radial piston-pump. From these pumps, lift and force pumps can operate manually otherwise with the help of an engine.